Cututtukan Kifin da aka fi sani da su a cikin Tafkuna da Rigakafin su: Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta da rigakafin su

Cututtukan kifi na yau da kullun ana iya rarraba su cikin cututtukan hoto, cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, cututtukan fungal, da cututtukan parasitic. Ganewa da maganin cututtukan kifi ya kamata a bi shawarar likita sosai, tare da bin ka'idodin magunguna da aka tsara ba tare da haɓaka ko raguwa ba.

Kwayoyin cututtuka na yau da kullum sun hada da cututtukan jini na ciyawa irin kifi, hematopoietic organ necrosis cuta na crucian irin kifi, herpesviral dermatitis na irin kifi, spring viremia na irin kifi, ciwon pancreatic necrosis, ciwon hematopoietic nama necrosis, da kwayar cutar hemorrhagic septicemia.

Ciwon Jini na Ciyawa Carp yana faruwa ne ta hanyar ciyawa carp reovirus. Cutar ta tsananta tare da rashin ingancin ruwa kuma ta fi tsanani a ƙarƙashin yanayin ƙarancin iskar oxygen na tsawon lokaci. Hanyoyin rigakafi da magani sun haɗa da lalata tafki, wanka na magani kafin adanawa, rigakafi na wucin gadi, maganin magunguna, maganin ruwa, da kuma kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ruwa.

Haɓaka ƙasa na kandami na ruwa da lalata sun haɗa da cire tsattsauran raɗaɗi, inganta yanayin kiwo na kandami, da yin amfani da lemun tsami da bleach mai saurin kamuwa da cuta.

Pre-stocking magani wanka na iya amfani da 2% ~ 3% gishiri na 5 ~ 10 minutes ko 10 ppm polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine bayani na 6 ~ 8 minutes, ko 60 mg / L polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine (PVP-I) wanka na kimanin 25 mintuna.

Yin rigakafi na wucin gadi yana mai da hankali kan keɓewar tsiro don hana kamuwa da cuta.

Magungunan magani na iya haɗawa da jan karfe sulfate. Copper sulfate za a iya amfani da a maida hankali na 0.7 MG / L a kan dukan kandami, maimaita kowace rana don aikace-aikace biyu.

Hanyoyin kawar da ruwa sun haɗa da cikakken aikace-aikacen tafki na quicklime don lalatawa da haɓaka ingancin ruwa, ko hadaddun potassium hydrogen sulfate da aka narkar da kuma a shafa don lalata ruwa.

Don kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ruwa, ana iya fesa shirye-shiryen iodine. Don tafkunan da ke da cututtukan jini a cikin irin kifi, polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine ko quaternary ammonium iodine complexes (0.3-0.5 ml da ruwan cubic) ana iya fesa sau 2-3 kowace rana.

Hematopoietic Organ Necrosis Cutar Crucian Carp tana faruwa ta koi herpesvirus II. Rigakafin da magani sun haɗa da:

(1). Keɓe kifin iyaye na yau da kullun a wuraren kifin don hana haifuwar kifin iyaye masu kamuwa da cuta. Lokacin siyan tsire-tsire na crucian carp, tabbatar da an bincika su ko bincika tarihin cutar tushen seedling don guje wa siyan tsiron da ke kamuwa da cutar.

(2). Amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta na photosynthetic, Bacillus spp., da hana ƙwayoyin cuta a matsayin magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta, tare da gyare-gyaren gyare-gyare, don tabbatar da ingantaccen yanayin ruwa na kifaye. Bugu da ƙari, kiyaye isasshen zurfin ruwa, tabbatar da tsaftataccen ruwa mai yawa, da ƙara yawan zagayawa na ruwa da zagayawa na waje suna da fa'ida don kiyaye zaman lafiyar muhallin ruwa.

Herpesviral dermatitis na Carp wata cuta ce da ke haifar da cutar ta herpes. Matakan rigakafi da sarrafawa sun haɗa da:

(1) Ingantattun matakan rigakafi da tsauraran tsarin keɓewa. Ware kifin marasa lafiya kuma a guji amfani da su azaman kifin iyaye.

(2) Ya kamata a kula sosai da tsabtace kandami ta hanyar amfani da lemun tsami mai sauri a cikin tafkunan kifi, da kuma lalata wuraren ruwa tare da kifaye masu cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda zai fi dacewa a guji amfani da shi azaman tushen ruwa.

(3) Inganta ingancin ruwa zai iya haɗawa da daidaitawa pH ruwa na kandami tare da sauri don kiyaye shi sama da 8. Cikakken aikace-aikacen kandami na dibromide ko bromide za a iya amfani dashi don lalata ruwa. A madadin, cikakken aikace-aikacen kandami na povidone-iodine, maganin iodine mai fili, 10% povidone-iodine bayani, ko 10% povidone-iodine foda zai iya cimma sakamako na disinfection na ruwa.

Spring Viremia na Carp yana haifar da ƙwayar cuta ta spring viremia (SVCV), wanda a halin yanzu babu magani mai mahimmanci. Hanyoyin rigakafin sun haɗa da canza amfani da lemun tsami ko bleach don cikakken aikace-aikacen tafki, chlorinated disinfectants, ko ingantattun magunguna kamar su povidone-iodine da quaternary ammonium salts don lalata ruwa don hana barkewar cutar.

Cutar cututtuka na Pancreatic Necrosis na faruwa ne ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta necrosis na pancreatic, da farko yana shafar kifin ruwan sanyi. Jiyya na farko ya ƙunshi ciyarwa tare da maganin povidone-iodine (ƙididdige shi azaman 10% tasiri iodine) a 1.64-1.91 g kowace kilogiram na nauyin jikin kifin kowace rana don kwanaki 10-15.

Kwayar cutar Hematopoietic Tissue Necrosis tana haifar da cutar necrosis na nama na hematopoietic necrosis, kuma da farko yana shafar kifin ruwan sanyi. Rigakafin ya haɗa da tsantsar kawar da kayan aikin kiwo da kayan aikin kiwo. Kifin kifi ya kamata a ƙyanƙyashe a 17-20 ° C kuma a wanke tare da 50 MG / L polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine (PVP-I, dauke da 1% mai inganci iodine) na minti 15. Ana iya ƙara haɓakawa zuwa 60 MG / L lokacin da pH shine alkaline, kamar yadda tasirin PVP-I ya ragu a ƙarƙashin yanayin alkaline.

Kwayar cutar Hemorrhagic Septicemia cuta ce ta Novirhabdovirus a cikin dangin Rhabdoviridae, kwayar cutar RNA mai dunƙule guda ɗaya. A halin yanzu, babu magani mai mahimmanci, don haka rigakafi yana da mahimmanci. A lokacin lokacin kwai na ido, jiƙa ƙwai a cikin iodine na minti 15. A farkon matakan cututtuka, ciyar da aidin zai iya rage mace-mace.