Disinfection Techniques rau Aquaculture Dej

Disinfection Techniques rau Aquaculture Dej

Cov txheej txheem tshuaj tua kab mob rau cov dej aquaculture feem ntau suav nrog ntau txoj hauv kev xws li ultraviolet (UV) sterilization, ozone disinfection, thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Niaj hnub no, peb yuav qhia txog UV thiab ozone ua ob txoj hauv kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab tua kab mob. Kab lus no feem ntau txheeb xyuas cov qauv no los ntawm kev pom ntawm kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab cov yam ntxwv.

UV Sterilization

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm UV sterilization cuam tshuam nrog kev nqus ntawm UV lub zog los ntawm microbial nucleic acids, suav nrog ribonucleic acid (RNA) thiab deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Qhov kev nqus no hloov pauv lawv cov kev ua haujlwm lom neeg, ua rau kev tawg ntawm nucleic acid bonds thiab chains, hla kev sib txuas hauv cov nucleic acids, thiab tsim cov khoom siv photoproducts, yog li tiv thaiv microbial replication thiab ua rau tuag taus. UV teeb yog categorized rau UVA (315 ~ 400nm), UVB (280 ~ 315nm), UVC (200 ~ 280nm), thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev UV (100 ~ 200nm). Ntawm cov no, UVA thiab UVB muaj peev xwm ncav cuag lub ntiaj teb saum npoo los ntawm ozone txheej thiab huab npog. UVC, lub npe hu ua UV-C tshuaj tua kab mob thev naus laus zis, nthuav tawm cov nyhuv ua kom tsis muaj zog tshaj plaws.

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm UV sterilization yog nyob ntawm qhov koob tshuaj ntawm UV hluav taws xob tau txais los ntawm cov kab mob, nrog rau cov khoom xws li UV tso zis zog, hom teeb, lub teeb siv, thiab lub sijhawm siv. UV irradiation koob tshuaj yog hais txog tus nqi ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb wavelength UV yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav qee yam kab mob inactivation tus nqi. Cov koob tshuaj ntau dua yuav ua rau kom muaj tshuaj tua kab mob ntau dua. UV sterilization yog qhov zoo vim nws lub zog muaj zog bactericidal, ua haujlwm sai, tsis muaj tshuaj ntxiv, tsis muaj tshuaj lom los ntawm cov khoom, thiab kev ua haujlwm yooj yim. UV sterilizers feem ntau siv stainless hlau ua cov khoom tseem ceeb, nrog high-purity quartz raj thiab high-performance quartz UV teeb, ua kom lub neej ntev thiab txhim khu kev qha. Cov roj teeb tuaj yeem muaj lub neej ntev txog 9000 teev.

Ozone Disinfection

Ozone yog ib qho muaj zog oxidant, thiab nws txoj kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam muaj kev cuam tshuam biochemical oxidation. Ozone sterilization ua haujlwm los ntawm peb hom: (1) oxidizing thiab decomposing enzymes hauv cov kab mob uas siv cov piam thaj, yog li deactivating cov kab mob; (2) ncaj qha cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob, cuam tshuam microbial metabolism thiab ua rau tuag; thiab (3) nkag mus rau cov hlwb los ntawm cov cell membranes, ua rau cov lipoproteins sab nrauv thiab lipopolysaccharides sab hauv, ua rau cov kab mob sib cais thiab tuag. Ozone sterilization yog dav-spectrum thiab lytic, zoo tshem tawm cov kab mob, spores, kab mob, fungi, thiab tuaj yeem rhuav tshem botulinum toxin. Tsis tas li ntawd, ozone sai sai decomposes rau hauv oxygen los yog ib qho oxygen atoms vim nws tsis zoo stability. Ib qho pa oxygen atoms tuaj yeem rov ua dua los tsim cov pa oxygen molecules, txhim kho cov dej hauv dej oxygenation yam tsis muaj cov tshuaj lom. Yog li, ozone yog suav tias yog ib qho zoo tagnrho, tsis muaj kuab paug tshuaj tua kab mob.

Txawm hais tias ozone muaj peev xwm ua kom tsis muaj menyuam, kev siv ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua mob rau cov tsiaj hauv dej. Kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Schroeder et al. Ua kom pom tias ozone, thaum siv kom tsim nyog, tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov nitrate thiab daj impurities, thiab thaum siv nrog ua npuas dej sib cais, tuaj yeem txo cov kab mob loj hlob. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv ntau dhau tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj oxidants heev. Silva et al. tseem hais ntxiv tias thaum ozone txhim kho cov dej zoo ruaj khov thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov dej hauv dej, nws cov teebmeem genotoxic tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev muaj kev ncaj ncees hauv cov dej hauv dej, ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv thiab txo cov txiaj ntsig. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev ua liaj ua teb hauv av kom siv ozone raws sijhawm, ntsuas, nyab xeeb, thiab kev tswj hwm, siv cov kev ntsuas nruj kom tsis txhob siv ntau dhau thiab txo cov ozone spillage kom tsis txhob muaj pa phem.