Matenda a Nsomba Wamba M'mayiwe ndi Kupewa Kwawo: Matenda a Bakiteriya ndi Kasamalidwe Kawo

Matenda a Nsomba Wamba M'mayiwe ndi Kupewa Kwawo: Matenda a Bakiteriya ndi Kasamalidwe Kawo

Matenda a bakiteriya omwe amapezeka mu nsomba ndi monga bacterial septicemia, bacterial gill disease, bacterial enteritis, red spot disease, bacterial fin rot, white nodule matenda, ndi white patch disease.

1. Bakiteriya SepticemiaZimayambitsidwa makamaka ndi Renibacterium salmoninarum, Aeromonas, ndi Vibrio spp. Njira zopewera ndi kuchiza zikuphatikizapo:

(1) Kuyeretsa dziwe bwino lomwe kuti muchepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa okosijeni ndi zinyalala zambiri.

(2) Kusintha ndi kuwonjezera madzi oyera nthawi zonse, kuthira laimu kuti madzi azikhala abwino komanso malo okhala m'dziwe, komanso kupereka zinthu zofunika kwambiri za calcium.

(3) Kusankha nsomba zamtundu wapamwamba komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

(4) Kupha nsomba nthawi zonse, chakudya, zida, ndi malo, makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pofuna kupewa nthawi ya matenda oopsa, komanso kuzindikira msanga ndi chithandizo.

(5) Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a bromine pothira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzi kapena kupereka mankhwala a ayodini ku nsombazo.

2. Matenda a Bakiteriya Gillamayamba ndi mabakiteriya a columnaris. Njira zopewera kuphatikizira kuviika nsomba zokazinga m'madzi amchere panthawi yopatula madziwe kuti achepetse kufala kwa mabakiteriya. Kukabuka, kugwiritsa ntchito laimu kapena chlorine monga TCCA kapena chlorine dioxide pochotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'dziwe lonse ndikulimbikitsidwa.

3. Bakiteriya Enteritisamayamba ndi enteric Aeromonas. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa madzi, kuchulukirachulukira kwa dothi, komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe. Kuwongolera kumaphatikizapo kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'dziwe lonse ndi chlorine-based agents, kuphatikiza ndi kudyetsa chakudya chowonjezera ndi florfenicol.

4. Red Malo MatendaZimayambitsidwa ndi Flavobacterium columnare ndipo nthawi zambiri zimachitika pambuyo pokolola kapena kukolola, zomwe zimayendera limodzi ndi matenda a gill. Njira zowongolera zimaphatikizapo kuyeretsa dziwe, kupewa kuvulala kwa nsomba pogwira, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mabafa a bleach posunga masitonkeni. Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'dziwe nthawi zonse potengera momwe madzi aliri amalangizidwanso.

5. Bakiteriya Fin Kuwolaamayamba ndi mabakiteriya a columnaris ndipo amapezeka m'chilimwe, chilimwe, ndi autumn. Kuwongolera kumaphatikizapo kupewa kupha tizilombo m'madzi pogwiritsa ntchito chlorine-based agents.

6. Matenda a Nodule Oyeraamayamba ndi myxobacteria. Kuwongolera matenda kumafuna kasamalidwe koyenera ka chakudya kuti pakhale chakudya chokwanira komanso malo abwino, komanso kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi ndi nthawi pogwiritsa ntchito chlorine kapena laimu.

7. White Patch Matendaamayamba ndi Flexibacter ndi Cytophaga spp. Kuteteza kumaphatikizapo kusunga madzi aukhondo ndi kupereka chakudya chokwanira chachilengedwe, komanso kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi ndi nthawi pogwiritsa ntchito trichloroisocyanuric acid, bleach, kapena Terminalia chebula extracts.

Njirazi zimathandizira kuthana ndi matenda a bakiteriya m'mayiwe aaquaculture, kuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa nsomba zathanzi komanso kuwongolera malo amdziwe.