Kusamala Kugwiritsa Ntchito Copper Sulfate mu Aquaculture

Copper sulfate (CuSO₄) ndi mankhwala osakanikirana. Njira yake yamadzimadzi ndi ya buluu ndipo imakhala ndi acidity yofooka.

Copper sulfate solution ili ndi mphamvu zophera mabakiteriya ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posamba nsomba, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (monga malo odyetserako), komanso kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda a nsomba. Komabe, chifukwa chosamvetsetsa mmene asayansi amagwiritsira ntchito mkuwa wa sulfate pakati pa odziwa za m’madzi, chiŵerengero cha machiritso a matenda a nsomba n’chochepa, ndipo ngozi za mankhwala zikhoza kuchitika, zomwe zimabweretsa kutaya kwakukulu. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za njira zopewera kugwiritsa ntchito mkuwa wa sulphate mu ulimi wamadzi.

1.Kuyeza Molondola kwa Malo a Madzi

Nthawi zambiri, mkuwa wa sulphate ukakhala pansi pa 0.2 magalamu pa kiyubiki mita, sugwira ntchito polimbana ndi tizirombo ta nsomba; Komabe, ngati ndende kuposa 1 gramu pa kiyubiki mita, zingachititse nsomba poizoni ndi imfa. Chifukwa chake, mukamagwiritsa ntchito mkuwa wa sulfate, ndikofunikira kuyeza bwino dera lamadzi ndikuwerengera mlingo wake.

2.Kusamala kwa Mankhwala

(1) Copper sulfate imasungunuka mosavuta m’madzi, koma kusungunuka kwake m’madzi ozizira kumakhala koipa, kotero kumafunika kusungunuka m’madzi ofunda. Komabe, kutentha kwa madzi sikuyenera kupitirira 60 ° C, chifukwa kutentha kwapamwamba kungapangitse copper sulfate kutaya mphamvu yake.

(2) Mankhwalawa ayenera kuperekedwa m’mawa pamasiku adzuwa ndipo sayenera kumwa mkaka wa soya ukangomwazika m’dziwe.

(3) Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza, copper sulfate iyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi ferrous sulphate. Ferrous sulphate imatha kupangitsa kuti mankhwalawa azitha komanso astringency. Copper sulphate kapena ferrous sulphate yekha sangathe kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. The ndende ya ophatikizana njira ayenera 0,7 magalamu pa kiyubiki mita, ndi chiŵerengero cha 5: 2 pakati mkuwa sulphate ndi ferrous sulphate, mwachitsanzo, 0,5 magalamu pa kiyubiki mita wamkuwa sulphate ndi 0,2 magalamu pa kiyubiki mita ya ferrous sulphate.

(4) Kupewa kuchepa kwa okosijeni: Mukamagwiritsa ntchito copper sulfate kupha algae, kuwonongeka kwa algae wakufa kumatha kuwononga mpweya wambiri, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwa oxygen m’dziwe. Choncho, kuyang'anitsitsa kumafunika pambuyo pa mankhwala. Nsomba zikasonyeza kuti zazimitsidwa kapena zasokonekera, ayenera kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga monga kuthira madzi abwino kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zotulutsa mpweya.

(5) Mankhwala oyenera: Copper sulfate angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda a nsomba obwera chifukwa cha ndere, monga matenda oyambitsidwa ndi Hematodinium spp. ndi filamentous algae (mwachitsanzo, Spirogyra), komanso Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, ciliates, ndi matenda a Daphnia. Komabe, si matenda onse omwe amayamba chifukwa cha algae ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe angathe kuchiritsidwa ndi copper sulfate. Mwachitsanzo, copper sulphate sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a Ichthyophthirius, chifukwa sangaphe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo angayambitse kufalikira kwake. M'mayiwe omwe ali ndi matenda obwera chifukwa cha Hematodinium, copper sulfate imatha kuchulukitsa acidity yamadzi, kupangitsa kukula kwa ndere, ndikuwonjezera vutoli.

3.Zoletsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Copper Sulfate

(1) Copper sulfate iyenera kupewedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ndi nsomba zopanda mamba, chifukwa zimakhudzidwa ndi mkangano.

(2) Ndi bwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito mkuwa wa sulfate m’nyengo yotentha ndi yachinyontho, popeza kawopsedwe kake kamakhala kogwirizana kwambiri ndi kutentha kwa madzi—pamene kutentha kwa madzi kukakhala kokwera, kumakhalanso kolimba kwambiri.

(3) Madziwo akawonda ndipo amawonekera kwambiri, mlingo wa copper sulfate uyenera kuchepetsedwa moyenerera chifukwa kawopsedwe kake kamakhala kolimba m'madzi okhala ndi zinthu zochepa.

(4) Mukamagwiritsa ntchito copper sulfate kupha ma cyanobacteria ambiri, musagwiritse ntchito nthawi imodzi. M'malo mwake, igwiritseni pang'onopang'ono kangapo, chifukwa kuwonongeka kwachangu kwa algae wambiri kumatha kuwononga kwambiri madzi komanso kuchititsa kuti mpweya uwonongeke kapena kupha poizoni.