Zvirwere Zvakajairwa Hove Mumadziva uye Kudzivirira Kwazvo: Zvirwere zveViral uye Kudzivirira Kwazvo

Zvirwere zvehove zvakajairika zvinogona kuiswa muhosha dzehutachiona, hosha dzebhakitiriya, hosha dzefungal, uye zvirwere zveparasitic. Kuongororwa uye kurapwa kwezvirwere zvehove kunofanirwa kunyatsotevera zano rekurapa, kunamatira zvakanyanya kune yakatarwa mishonga dosages pasina kuwedzera kana kuderera.

Zvirwere zvakajairika zvehutachiona zvinosanganisira hemorrhagic chirwere cheuswa carp, hematopoietic organ necrosis chirwere checrucian carp, herpesviral dermatitis yecarp, spring viremia yecarp, infectious pancreatic necrosis, infectious hematopoietic tissue necrosis, uye viral hemorrhagic septicemia.

Hemorrhagic Disease yeGrass Carp inonyanya kukonzerwa neuswa carp reovirus. Chirwere ichi chinowedzera nekushaya kunaka kwemvura uye chakanyanya kuoma pasi pemamiriro eokisijeni kwenguva refu. Nzira dzekudzivirira nekurapa dzinosanganisira kuuraya hutachiona mudhamu, pre-stocking mishonga yekugezesa, kubaya kwemishonga, kurapwa nemishonga, kuuraya hutachiona hwemvura, uye kupedzwa kwehutachiona hwehutachiona mumvura.

Kuvandudzwa kwepasi padziva remvura uye kuuraya utachiona kunonyanya kusanganisira kubvisa tsvina yakawandisa, kuvandudza nharaunda yemvura yemadziva, uye kushandisa quicklime uye bleach yekuuraya utachiona.

Pre-stocking mishonga yekugezera inogona kushandisa 2% ~ 3% munyu kwemaminitsi mashanu ~ 10 kana 10 ppm polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine mhinduro kwemaminitsi 6 ~ 8, kana 60 mg/L polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine (PVP-I) yekugeza kweanenge 25 maminitsi.

Mubairo weArtificial unotarisa pakuvharirwa kwembeu zvakasimba kudzivirira kutapuriranwa kwehutachiwana.

Kurapa kwemishonga kunogona kusanganisira copper sulfate. Copper sulfate inogona kuiswa pachikamu che 0.7 mg/L pamusoro pedziva rose, inodzokororwa zuva rega rega rekushandisa maviri.

Nzira dzekuuraya utachiona hwemvura dzinosanganisira dhamu rakazara rekushandisa requicklime yekuuraya utachiona uye kuvandudzwa kwemhando yemvura, kana potassium hydrogen sulfate complex yakanyungudutswa nekuiswa kuuraya utachiona hwemvura.

Kubvisa hutachiona hwehutachiona mumvura, kugadzirira kweiodine kunogona kupfapfaidzwa. Kune madziva ane chirwere chehemorrhagic muuswa carp, polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine kana quaternary ammonium iodine complexes (0.3-0.5 ml pa cubic mvura) inogona kupfapfaidzwa ka2-3 zuva rega rega.

Hematopoietic Organ Necrosis Chirwere cheCrucian Carp chinokonzerwa nekoi herpesvirus II. Kudzivirira uye kurapwa kunosanganisira:

(1). Kugara uchivharirwa hove dzevabereki kumapurazi ehove kudzivirira kuberekeswa kwehove dzine utachiona. Paunenge uchitenga michero yecrucian carp, iva nechokwadi chekuti inoongororwa kana kubvunza nezve nhoroondo yechirwere chembeu kuti usatenga mbesa dzine utachiona.

(2). Kushandisa mabhakitiriya ephotosynthetic, Bacillus spp., uye dhirifing bacteria se microbial agents, pamwe nekugadzirisa substrate, kuchengetedza zvakagadzikana nharaunda yemvura yemvura. Pamusoro pezvo, kuchengetedza kudzika kwemvura kwakaringana, kuve nechokwadi chekujeka kwemvura, uye kuwedzera kutenderera kwemvura uye kutenderera kwekunze kunobatsira kuchengetedza nharaunda yemvura.

Herpesviral Dermatitis yeCarp chimwe chirwere chinokonzerwa neherpesvirus. Matanho ekudzivirira nekudzora anosanganisira:

(1) Yakanatsiridza matanho ekudzivirira akazara uye akasimba ekuvharirwa masisitimu. Iva nehove dzine chirwere uye dzivisa kudzishandisa sehove dzevabereki.

(2) Kunyatso uraya utachiona hwedhamu uchishandisa quicklime mumadziva ehove, uye kuuraya utachiona munzvimbo dzine hove dzine hove kana utachiona hunofanirawo kunyatsorapwa, zvichida kudzivisa kushandiswa senzvimbo yemvura.

(3) Kuvandudzwa kwehutano hwemvura kunogona kusanganisira kugadzirisa mvura yemadziva pH ne-quicklime kuti ichengetedze pamusoro pe8. Yakazara dziva kushandiswa kwe dibromide kana bromide inogona kushandiswa pakuchenesa mvura. Neimwe nzira, yakazara dziva kushandiswa kwepovidone-iodine, komputa iodine mhinduro, 10% povidone-iodine mhinduro, kana 10% povidone-iodine poda inogona kuita zvese zvinokonzeresa disinfection yemvura.

Spring Viremia yeCarp inokonzerwa nechirimo viremia virus (SVCV), iyo parizvino isina kurapwa kunoshanda. Nzira dzekudzivirira dzinosanganisira kuchinjisa kushandiswa kwequicklime kana bleach yekuisa dhamu rakazara, mishonga ine chlorinated disinfectants, kana mishonga yekuuraya utachiona yakadai sepovidone-iodine uye quaternary ammonium munyu yekuuraya utachiona hwemvura kudzivirira kubuda.

Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis inokonzerwa nehutachiona hwepancreatic necrosis, kunyanya inobata hove dzemvura inotonhora. Kurapa kwepakutanga kunosanganisira kudya ne povidone-iodine solution (inoverengwa se 10% iodine inoshanda) pa 1.64-1.91 g pa kg yehuremu hwemuviri wezuva nezuva kwemazuva gumi-15.

Infectious Hematopoietic Tissue Necrosis inokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehematopoietic tissue necrosis virus, iyo inonyanya kukanganisa hove dzemvura inotonhora. Kudzivirira kunosanganisira kuuraya utachiona kwakasimba kwezvivakwa zveaquaculture uye maturusi. Mazai ehove anofanira kuchochonywa pa17-20°C uye ogezwa ne50 mg/L polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine (PVP-I, ine 1% iodine inoshanda) kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu. Kuisa pfungwa kunogona kuwedzerwa kusvika ku60 mg / L apo pH iri alkaline, sezvo kushanda kwePVP-I kunoderera pasi pemamiriro e-alkaline.

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia inokonzerwa neNovirhabdovirus mumhuri yeRhabdoviridae, chirwere cheRNA chine tambo imwe chete. Parizvino, hapana mushonga unoshanda, saka kudzivirira kwakakosha. Munguva yezai reziso, sora mazai muiodine kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu. Mukutanga kwechirwere, kudya neodine kunogona kuderedza kufa.