Disinfection Techniques yeAquaculture Mvura

Disinfection Techniques yeAquaculture Mvura

Nzira dzekuuraya utachiona hwemvura yemumvura dzinowanzobatanidza nzira dzinoverengeka dzakadai seultraviolet (UV) sterilization, ozone disinfection, uye makemikari disinfection. Nhasi, isu tichaunza UV uye ozone senzira mbiri dzekuuraya hutachiona uye kuuraya hutachiona. Ichi chinyorwa chinonyanyo ongorora nzira idzi kubva pamaonero emaitiro esterilization uye maitiro.

UV Sterilization

Musimboti weUV sterilization unosanganisira kutorwa kwesimba rechiedza reUV nemicrobial nucleic acids, kusanganisira ribonucleic acid (RNA) uye deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Kunyura uku kunoshandura mashandiro avo ebhayoloji, zvichitungamira pakuputsika kwenyucleic acid zvisungo nemacheni, kuyambuka-kubatanidza mukati me nucleic acids, uye kuumbwa kwephotoproducts, nekudaro kudzivirira kudzokororwa kwemicrobial uye kukonzera kukuvara kunouraya. UV mwenje wakakamurwa kuita UVA (315 ~ 400nm), UVB (280 ~ 315nm), UVC (200 ~ 280nm), uye vacuum UV (100 ~ 200nm). Pakati peizvi, UVA neUVB zvinokwanisa kusvika pamusoro pePasi kuburikidza ne ozone layer uye cloud cover. UVC, inozivikanwa seUV-C disinfection tekinoroji, inoratidza yakasimba sterilization maitiro.

Kushanda kweUV sterilization kunoenderana nedosi yemwaranzi yeUV inotambirwa nehutachiona, pamwe nezvinhu zvakaita seUV inobuda simba, rudzi rwemwenje, kusimba kwechiedza, uye nguva yekushandiswa. UV irradiation dose inoreva kuwanda kweiyo wavelength UV inodiwa kuti uwane imwe bhakitiriya inactivation rate. Madosi epamusoro anoguma nepamusoro pekuuraya utachiona. UV sterilization inobatsira nekuda kwesimba rayo rakasimba rebhaktericidal, kukurumidza kuita, kushomeka kwemakemikari ekuwedzera, kusavapo kwechepfu kubva-zvigadzirwa, uye nyore kushanda. UV sterilizers anowanzo shandisa simbi isina tsvina sechinhu chikuru, ine yakakwira-kuchena quartz machubhu uye yakakwirira-inoshanda quartz UV marambi, kuve nechokwadi chehupenyu hwakareba uye kuita kwakavimbika. Mwenje kubva kunze kwenyika unogona kuva nehupenyu hunosvika 9000 maawa.

Ozone Disinfection

Ozone ioxidant ine simba, uye kuita kwayo kusanganisa kunosanganisira biochemical oxidation maitiro. Ozone sterilization inoshanda kuburikidza nemhando nhatu: (1) oxidizing uye kuora ma enzymes mukati mebhakitiriya anoshandisa glucose, nokudaro achibvisa mabhakitiriya; (2) kupindirana zvakananga nemabhakitiriya nemavhairasi, kukanganisa microbial metabolism uye kukonzera rufu; uye (3) kupinda mumasero kuburikidza nesero membranes, kushanda kune kunze membrane lipoproteins uye mukati lipopolysaccharides, zvichiita kuti kuparara kwebhakitiriya uye kufa. Ozone sterilization yakakura-spectrum uye lytic, zvinobudirira kubvisa bhakitiriya, spores, mavhairasi, fungi, uye inogona kutoparadza botulinum toxin. Pamusoro pezvo, ozone inokurumidza kuparara ichipinda muokisijeni kana maatomu eokisijeni imwe chete nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwayo. Maatomu eokisijeni ega anogona kubatanidzwazve kuumba mamorekuru eokisijeni, achinatsiridza kugadzirwa kweokisijeni mumvura pasina kusiya chero zvisaririra zvine chepfu. Saka, ozone inoonekwa seyakanaka, isingasvibise utachiona.

Nepo ozone ine hunyanzvi hwekuita sterilization, kushandisa zvakanyanya kunogona kukuvadza mhuka dzemumvura. Zvidzidzo naSchroeder et al. ratidza kuti ozone, kana ikashandiswa zvakakodzera, inogona kunyatsobvisa nitrate uye tsvina yeyero, uye kana ikashandiswa nekuparadzaniswa kwefuro, inogona kuderedza kupararira kwebhakitiriya. Nekudaro, kushandisa zvakanyanya kunogona kuburitsa zvine muchetura oxidants. Silva et al. zvakare inosimbisa kuti nepo ozone ichivandudza kugadzikana kwemvura uye kudzvinyirira kwechirwere mu aquaculture, maitiro ayo genotoxic anogona kukuvadza kuvimbika kwesero muzvisikwa zvemumvura, zvichitungamira kuhutano hwehutano uye kuderedzwa goho. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha mukurima kwemvura kushandisa ozone nenguva, yakayerwa, yakachengeteka, uye yakadzorwa, kuita matanho akasimba ekudzivirira kushandiswa kwakanyanya uye kudzikisira kupera kweozone kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwemhepo.