Mafu a Tloaelehileng a Litlhapi matangoaneng le Thibelo ea Bona: Mafu a Kokoana-hloko le Thibelo ea Bona

Mafu a tloaelehileng a tlhapi ka kakaretso a ka aroloa ka mafu a vaerase, mafu a baktheria, mafu a fungal le mafu a parasitic. Ho hlahlojoa le ho phekoloa ha mafu a litlhapi ho lokela ho latela ka tieo keletso ea bongaka, ho khomarela haufi-ufi le litekanyetso tse behiloeng tsa meriana ntle le ho eketseha ho sa tloaelehang kapa ho fokotseha.

Maloetse a tloaelehileng a kokoana-hloko a kenyelletsa lefu la hemorrhagic la grass carp, lefu la hematopoietic organ necrosis ea crucian carp, herpesviral dermatitis ea carp, spring viremia ea carp, infectious pancreatic necrosis, infectious hematopoietic tissue necrosis, le viral hemorrhagic septicemia.

Boloetse ba Hemorrhagic ba Grass Carp bo bakoa haholo-holo ke grass carp reovirus. Lefu lena le mpefala ka boleng bo fokolang ba metsi mme le matla haholo tlasa maemo a nako e telele a tlase a oksijene. Mekhoa ea thibelo le kalafo e kenyelletsa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko ka matangoaneng, libate tsa meriana pele ho bolokoa, liente tsa maiketsetso, phekolo ea meriana, ho bolaea likokoana-hloko ka metsing, le ho felisa likokoana-hloko tse bakoang ke kokoana-hloko metsing.

Ntlafatso e ka tlas'a letamo la metsing le ho bolaea likokoana-hloko haholo-holo li kenyelletsa ho tlosa seretse se feteletseng, ho ntlafatsa tikoloho ea temo ea metsing, le ho sebelisa li-quicklime le bleach bakeng sa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko.

Libate tsa litlhare tsa pele li ka sebelisa letsoai la 2% ~ 3% bakeng sa metsotso e 5 ~ 10 kapa tharollo ea 10 ppm polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine bakeng sa metsotso e 6 ~ 8, kapa 60 mg / L polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine (PVP-I) bakeng sa hoo e ka bang 25. metsotso.

Moento oa maiketsetso o shebane le ho behelloa ka thoko ho matla ha lipeo ho thibela phetiso ea vaerase.

Phekolo ea meriana e ka kenyelletsa koporo ea sulfate. Copper sulfate e ka sebelisoa ka bongata ba 0.7 mg/L holim'a letamo lohle, e phetoa letsatsi le leng le le leng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse peli.

Mekhoa ea ho thibela likokoana-hloko ka metsi e kenyelletsa tšebeliso e felletseng ea letamo la quicklime bakeng sa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko le ntlafatso ea boleng ba metsi, kapa potassium hydrogen sulfate complex e qhibilihisitsoeng le ho sebelisoa bakeng sa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko.

Ho felisa likokoana-hloko tsa kokoana-hloko ka metsing, litokisetso tsa iodine li ka fafatsoa. Bakeng sa matangoana a nang le lefu la hemorrhagic ka carp ea joang, polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine kapa quaternary ammonium iodine complexes (0.3-0.5 ml ka metsi a mangata) a ka fafatsoa ka makhetlo a 2-3 ka letsatsi le leng le le leng.

Hematopoietic Organ Necrosis Lefu la Crucian Carp le bakoa ke koi herpesvirus II. Thibelo le kalafo li kenyelletsa:

(1). Ho behelloa ka thoko khafetsa ha batsoali ba lihlapi masimong a litlhapi ho thibela ho ikatisa ha lihlapi tse nang le tšoaetso. Ha u reka lipeo tsa crucian carp, etsa bonnete ba hore lia hlahlojoa kapa u botse ka histori ea lefu la mohloli oa sethopo ho qoba ho reka lipeo tse nang le kokoana-hloko.

(2). Tšebeliso ea libaktheria tsa photosynthetic, Bacillus spp., le libaktheria tse khethollang e le likokoana-hloko, hammoho le liphetoho tsa karoloana, ho boloka tikoloho e tsitsitseng ea metsi a metsing. Ho feta moo, ho boloka botebo bo lekaneng ba metsi, ho etsa bonnete ba hore metsi a pepenene, le ho eketseha ha metsi a itšebetsang le ho potoloha ka ntle ho molemo bakeng sa ho boloka botsitso ba tikoloho ea metsi.

Herpesviral Dermatitis ea Carp ke lefu le leng le bakoang ke herpesvirus. Mehato ea thibelo le taolo e kenyeletsa:

(1) E ntlafalitse mehato e felletseng ea thibelo le lits'ebetso tse thata tsa ho arola batho ka thoko. Arola litlhapi tse kulang 'me u qobe ho li sebelisa e le litlhapi tsa batsoali.

(2) Ho bolaea likokoana-hloko ka ho feletseng ka letamong ka ho sebelisa quicklime matangoaneng a litlhapi, le ho bolaea likokoana-hloko libakeng tsa metsi ka litlhapi tse kulang kapa likokoana-hloko le tsona li lokela ho phekoloa ka botlalo, haholo-holo ho qoba ho sebelisoa e le mohloli oa metsi.

(3) Ntlafatso ea boleng ba metsi e ka kenyelletsa ho fetola pH ea metsi a letamo ka quicklime ho e boloka ka holimo ho 8. Tšebeliso e feletseng ea letamo la dibromide kapa bromide e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho thibela likokoana-hloko tsa metsi. Ntle le moo, tšebeliso e feletseng ea letamo la povidone-iodine, tharollo ea iodine e kopantsoeng, tharollo ea 10% ea povidone-iodine, kapa 10% ea phofo ea povidone-iodine kaofela e ka finyella liphello tsa ho thibela likokoana-hloko tsa metsi.

Spring Viremia ea Carp e bakoa ke kokoana-hloko ea spring viremia (SVCV), eo hona joale ho seng phekolo e sebetsang. Mekhoa ea thibelo e kenyelletsa ho fapanyetsana tšebeliso ea quicklime kapa bleach bakeng sa ho kenya letamo ka botlalo, libolaea-likokoanyana tse chlorinated, kapa libolaea-likokoanyana tse sebetsang tse kang povidone-iodine le letsoai la quaternary ammonium bakeng sa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko metsing ho thibela ho qhoma.

Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis e bakoa ke kokoana-hloko e tšoaetsanoang ea pancreatic necrosis, e amang haholo litlhapi tsa metsing a batang. Kalafo ea pele e kenyelletsa ho fepa ka tharollo ea povidone-iodine (e baloang e le 10% ea iodine e sebetsang) ho 1.64-1.91 g ka kilogram ea boima ba 'mele oa tlhapi letsatsi le leng le le leng bakeng sa matsatsi a 10-15.

Infectious Hematopoietic Tissue Necrosis e bakoa ke kokoana-hloko e tšoaetsanoang ea li-tissue necrosis, e amang haholo litlhapi tsa metsing a batang. Thibelo e kenyelletsa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko ka thata litsing tsa temo ea metsing le lisebelisoa. Mahe a tlhapi a lokela ho qhotsoa ka 17-20 ° C mme a hlatsuoe ka 50 mg / L polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine (PVP-I, e nang le 1% ea iodine e sebetsang hantle) metsotso e 15. Ho tsepamisa mohopolo ho ka eketsoa ho 60 mg / L ha pH e le alkaline, kaha katleho ea PVP-I e fokotseha tlas'a maemo a alkaline.

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia e bakoa ke Novirhabdovirus lelapeng la Rhabdoviridae, kokoana-hloko ea RNA ea thipa e le 'ngoe. Hona joale, ha ho na phekolo e sebetsang, kahoo thibelo ke ea bohlokoa. Nakong ea lehe la mahlo, inela mahe ka iodine metsotso e 15. Mehatong ea pele ea lefu, ho fepa ka iodine ho ka fokotsa ho shoa.