Ubuchwephesha bokubulala iintsholongwane kuManzi e-Aquaculture

Ubuchwephesha bokubulala iintsholongwane kuManzi e-Aquaculture

Ubuchule bokubulala iintsholongwane emanzini aselwandle bubandakanya iindlela ezininzi ezifana nokubulala iintsholongwane kwi-ultraviolet (UV), ukubulala iintsholongwane kwi-ozone, kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane ngemichiza. Namhlanje, siza kwazisa i-UV kunye ne-ozone njengeendlela ezimbini zokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane. Eli nqaku lihlalutya ngokuyintloko ezi ndlela kwiimbono zeendlela zokuvala inzala kunye neempawu.

Ukuvalwa kwe-UV

Umgaqo wokuvalwa kweUV ubandakanya ukufunxwa kwamandla okukhanya kweUV ngemicrobial nucleic acids, kuquka ribonucleic acid (RNA) kunye nedeoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Oku kuxutywa kuguqula umsebenzi wabo webhayoloji, okukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kweebhondi ze-nucleic acid kunye namatyathanga, ukudibanisa phakathi kwe-nucleic acids, kunye nokwakhiwa kweefotoproducts, ngaloo ndlela kuthintela ukuphindaphinda kwe-microbial kunye nokubangela umonakalo obulalayo. Ukukhanya kwe-UV kuhlelwe kwi-UVA (315 ~ 400nm), UVB (280 ~ 315nm), UVC (200 ~ 280nm), kunye ne-vacuum UV (100 ~ 200nm). Phakathi kwezi, i-UVA kunye ne-UVB ziyakwazi ukufikelela kumphezulu woMhlaba ngokusebenzisa i-ozone kunye ne-cloud cover. I-UVC, eyaziwa ngokuba yitekhnoloji ye-UV-C yokubulala iintsholongwane, ibonisa eyona mpembelelo inamandla yokuvala inzala.

Ukusebenza kwe-UV sterilization kuxhomekeke kwithamo lemitha ye-UV efunyenwe ziintsholongwane, kunye nezinto ezinje nge-UV ephumayo, uhlobo lwesibane, ukukhanya, kunye nobude bokusetyenziswa. Idosi yokukhanya kwe-UV ibhekisa kubungakanani bobude obuthile be-UV obufunekayo ukufezekisa inqanaba elithile lokungasebenzi kwebhaktiriya. Iidosi eziphezulu zikhokelela ekusebenzeni okuphezulu kokubulala iintsholongwane. Ukuvala inzala ye-UV kunenzuzo ngenxa yamandla ayo anamandla e-bactericidal, isenzo esikhawulezayo, ukungabikho kwezongezo zemichiza, ukungabikho kweemveliso ezinetyhefu, kunye nokusebenza ngokulula. Izibulali-ntsholongwane ze-UV zihlala zisebenzisa intsimbi engatyiwa njengeyona nto iphambili, eneityhubhu zequartz ezicoceke kakhulu kunye nezibane ze-UV zequartz ezisebenza kakhulu, ziqinisekisa ubomi obude kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo. Izibane ezivela kumazwe angaphandle zinokuba nobomi obufikelela kwiiyure ezingama-9000.

I-Ozone Disinfection

I-ozone yi-oxidant enamandla, kwaye inkqubo yayo yokuvala inzala ibandakanya ukusabela kwe-biochemical oxidation. I-Ozone sterilization isebenza ngeendlela ezintathu: (1) i-oxidizing kunye nokubola i-enzymes ngaphakathi kweebhaktheriya ezisebenzisa i-glucose, ngaloo ndlela ivala ibhaktheriya; (2) ukusebenzisana ngokuthe ngqo kunye neebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, ukuphazamisa i-microbial metabolism kunye nokubangela ukufa; kunye (3) ukungena kwiiseli ngeembumba zeeseli, ezisebenza kwi-membrane yangaphandle ye-lipoproteins kunye ne-lipopolysaccharides yangaphakathi, ekhokelela ekupheliseni ibhaktheriya kunye nokufa. I-ozone sterilization yi-spectrum ebanzi kunye ne-lytic, isusa ngokufanelekileyo ibhaktheriya, i-spores, iintsholongwane, i-fungi, kwaye inokutshabalalisa i-toxin ye-botulinum. Ukongezelela, i-ozone ibola ngokukhawuleza kwi-oksijini okanye i-athomu ye-oksijini enye ngenxa yokuzinza kwayo. Iiathom zeoksijini enye zinokuphinda zihlangane zenze iimolekyuli zeoksijini, ziphucula ukuhanjiswa kweoksijini emanzini ngaphandle kokushiya nayiphi na intsalela eyityhefu. Ngaloo ndlela, i-ozone ithathwa njengesibulala-ntsholongwane esifanelekileyo, esingangcolisi.

Ngelixa i-ozone inamandla okwenza inzala esebenzayo, ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kunokwenzakalisa izilwanyana zasemanzini. Izifundo nguSchroeder et al. bonisa ukuba i-ozone, xa isetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo, inokususa ngokufanelekileyo i-nitrate kunye nokungcola okuphuzi, kwaye xa isetyenziswe ngokuhlukana kwe-foam, inokunciphisa ukwanda kwebhaktheriya. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kunokuvelisa ii-oxidants ezinetyhefu kakhulu. USilva et al. iphinda ibonise ukuba ngelixa i-ozone iphucula ukuzinza komgangatho wamanzi kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwezifo kwi-aquaculture, iziphumo zayo ze-genotoxic zingonakalisa ingqibelelo yeeseli kwizinto eziphilayo zasemanzini, ezikhokelela kwimicimbi yezempilo kunye nokunciphisa isivuno. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile kwi-aquaculture ukusebenzisa i-ozone ngexesha, ngomlinganiselo, ngokukhuselekileyo, nangendlela elawulwayo, kuphunyezwa amanyathelo angqongqo okuthintela ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kunye nokunciphisa ukuchitheka kwe-ozone ukuphepha ukungcoliseka komoya.